Columnal

Columnal is a spreadsheet-like program for processing tables of data. Rather than copying formulas around in individual cells, you apply transformations on whole tables, for example forming an average or sorting by a particular column. This brings several advantages over spreadsheets:

Because the transformation is applied to the whole table, there is no danger of forgetting to copy a formula.
All transformations leave the source table intact, so there is no worry about sorting or filtering and not being able to undo it. Like spreadsheets, transformations are "live"; they update if the source data changes.
Each column has an associated type, which prevents numbers accidentally being recognised as dates or similar problems.

Columnal is designed to make it easy to interoperate with other tools, and to help prevent you making mistakes while dealing with data, especially through using types to constrain data values.
Further features include:

Specialised handling for date and time types to reduce mistakes and simplify processing.
Units of measure: you can associate a unit (like metres or dollars) with a number, which prevents you adding for example dollars to euros.
Files are stored in a text-based format, allowing use of version control systems like Git.

You can read more in this design blog post.

Examples

Columnal is centred around applying transformations to data tables. Below are some animated examples of applying different transformations to data tables.

Filter

The filter transformation creates a new table containing only those rows which match a given expression.

Unlike a lot of other software you can make multiple filters from a source table and then make calculations only on the resulting rows.